Deciphering the Genotype × Environment Interaction for Identification of Superior Genotypes of Mango (Mangifera indica L.) using Ammi Stability Measures
Mango is one of India's most important commercially grown fruit crops with the greatest collection of varieties. Genotypes do not show the same response in all locations due to their interactions with the surrounding environment. Such interactions limit the breeding progress during the selection of superior genotypes. Multi-location trials are being carried out to study the behavior of genotypes in different environments. Genotype environment interaction is a major problem in selecting and recommending superior genotypes to cultivate crops. When we are dealing with perennial crops like Mango, this problem gets intensified because choosing unstable cultivars to plant in an orchard puts the farmers in a risky income situation for many years. In the present investigation, an attempt has been made to identify the high-yielding and stable genotypes of Mango by using AMMI stability measures. Data on sixteen genotypes of Mango tested across four locations viz., Rewa, Sabour, Sangareddy, and Vengurla in India over nine years is considered for the study. The present study concludes that the AMMI stability measures SIPC, AVAMGE, ASTAB, DA, MASV, MASI, ZA, ASV, and ASI are based on the biological concept of stability, and the stability measures DZ and EV are based on the agronomic concept of stability. Selection of mango genotypes based on the agronomic concept of stability will be recommended in favorable environments, while selection based on biological stability will be advised in unfavorable environments.