Study of Morphogenesis Relationships between the Racinary System and the Aerial Part in the Wheat (Triticum Durum Desf.) under the Different Hydric Regimes

Abstract

The water deficit is considered as one of the main abiotic stresses affecting cereal productivity, especially durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) due to the scarcity of water resources, which is a staple food in our daily diet. The objective of this study is to assess the performance of two systems, root and aerial, under three water situations (100, 60 and 30 % RC) in five genotypes (Waha, Acsad 1361, Mexicali 75, Oued Zenati, Langlois), in order to establish a growth model for both parts under deficient conditions. Collected data showed variations for each measured characteristics. These variations depended on the water regime and genotype considered. Structural modifications were measured for both adventitious and seminal root types. These changes relate to root elongation, which has been accompanied by a reduction in the rate of adventitious rhizogenesis. Anatomical transformations have also been recorded, such as the reduction in root diameter, which is explained by a decrease in the thickness of the cortical parenchyma. This transformation would favor a better circulation of the sap during its horizontal transport.