ENIGMA‐DTI: Translating reproducible white matter deficits into personalized vulnerability metrics in cross‐diagnostic psychiatric research
Open Access
- 16 April 2020
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Wiley in Human Brain Mapping
- Vol. 43 (1), 194-206
- https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.24998
Abstract
The ENIGMA‐DTI (diffusion tensor imaging) workgroup supports analyses that examine the effects of psychiatric, neurological, and developmental disorders on the white matter pathways of the human brain, as well as the effects of normal variation and its genetic associations. The seven ENIGMA disorder‐oriented working groups used the ENIGMA‐DTI workflow to derive patterns of deficits using coherent and coordinated analyses that model the disease effects across cohorts worldwide. This yielded the largest studies detailing patterns of white matter deficits in schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD), bipolar disorder (BD), major depressive disorder (MDD), obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), traumatic brain injury (TBI), and 22q11 deletion syndrome. These deficit patterns are informative of the underlying neurobiology and reproducible in independent cohorts. We reviewed these findings, demonstrated their reproducibility in independent cohorts, and compared the deficit patterns across illnesses. We discussed translating ENIGMA‐defined deficit patterns on the level of individual subjects using a metric called the regional vulnerability index (RVI), a correlation of an individual's brain metrics with the expected pattern for a disorder. We discussed the similarity in white matter deficit patterns among SSD, BD, MDD, and OCD and provided a rationale for using this index in cross‐diagnostic neuropsychiatric research. We also discussed the difference in deficit patterns between idiopathic schizophrenia and 22q11 deletion syndrome, which is used as a developmental and genetic model of schizophrenia. Together, these findings highlight the importance of collaborative large‐scale research to provide robust and reproducible effects that offer insights into individual vulnerability and cross‐diagnosis features.Keywords
Funding Information
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01085953, R01MH117601, R21 MH116473)
- National Institutes of Health (5T32MH073526, R01 MH111671, R01 MH116147, R01 NS107739, R01EB015611, R01MH111671, R01MH112180, R01MH116948, R56 AG058854, S10 OD023696, S10OD023696, U01MH108148, U54 EB020403, 1R01MH121246‐01, R01 AG059874, R01 MH117601)
- South African Medical Research Council
- U.S. Department of Defense (5 I01 RX002174, W81XWH‐13‐2‐0095)
- National Health and Medical Research Council (1140764)
- Health Research Board (CDA‐2018‐001)
- Science Foundation Ireland (16ERCS3787)
- European Research Council (ERC677467)
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01 MH100900, R01 MH085953)
- Norges Forskningsråd (249711, 248980, 248778, 223273)
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