慢性肾脏疾病(chronic kidney disease, CKD)近年来的发病率逐年升高，严重威胁着人类的健康和生命。其包括由各种因素引起的原发性、继发性肾脏疾病。肥胖、糖尿病、高血压、肾小球肾炎都可导致CKD，CKD已经成为全球性公共健康问题，其患病率和病死率高。本文针对肠道菌群对慢性肾脏病的影响进行综述，肠道菌群失调与CKD的发生关系密切，可为以肠道菌群为靶点的预防和治疗相关疾病提供强有力的理论基础。 The incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing year by year in recent years, which threatens human health and life seriously. CKD includes primary and secondary renal diseases caused by various factors. Obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, and glomerulonephritis can all lead to CKD, which has become a global public health problem with high morbidity and mortality. This article reviews the influence of Intestinal microflora on chronic kidney disease. The imbalance of intestinal microflora is closely related to CKD, which provides a strong theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of diseases related to intestinal microflora.