“No One Does This for the Money or Lifestyle”: Abortion Providers’ Perspectives on Factors Affecting Workforce Recruitment and Retention in the Southern United States

Abstract

Objectives Movements to stem abortion accessibility and provision are underway across the southern United States. Preserving access to safe abortion requires a steady maternal health workforce. Targeted laws and limiting environments have contributed to a regional dearth of abortion providers. This study evaluates the consequences of restrictive environments for the abortion workforce to inform strategies to reduce the provider shortage in the South. Methods We recruited twelve physicians using purposive sampling and interviewed them on their motivations and experiences practicing in the South. We employed grounded theory analysis to translate their perspectives into recommendations for provider recruitment and retention. Results Abortion providers identified challenges relating to restrictive legislation, institutional separation of abortion from other medical services, training unavailability, safety concerns, identity struggles, and marginalization within their profession. This contributed to providers widely experiencing stigma and isolation within their work and life environments. Their motivations for practicing in the South despite these challenges included wanting to be impactful in areas of high need, combating health access disparites, and having personal ties to the region. Providers’ suggested increasing regional networking and training opportunities, creating an information clearinghouse, and offering additional compensation to better support their work. We conceptualized these findings into a framework detailing the challenges, impacts and opportunities for abortion provision in the southern United States. Conclusions for Practice Our recommendations for provider recruitment and retention include cooperation between professional organizations, training programs, and healthcare institutions to create opportunities for training and networking and encourage abortion-supportive organizational and policy environments.