Nephroprotective effects of febuxostat and/or mirtazapine against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity through modulation of ERK 1/2, NF-κB and MCP1
- 9 June 2021
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Taylor & Francis Ltd in Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology
- Vol. 14 (8), 1039-1050
- https://doi.org/10.1080/17512433.2021.1933435
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the potential nephroprotective effects of febuxostat, mirtazapine, and their combination against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. Induction of nephrotoxicity was achieved via gentamicin injection (100 mg/kg, I.P., for 7 days). Two different doses of mirtazapine (15–30 mg/kg), febuxostat (5–10 mg/kg), and their combination were administered daily for 14 days prior to gentamicin injection and then concomitantly with gentamicin for additional 7 days. Nephrotoxicity was evaluated histopathologically and biochemically. Renal caspase-3, extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), nuclear factor-kappa-β (NF-κβ), and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1) were assayed. Febuxostat and mirtazapine significantly (p < 0.05) alleviated biochemical and histopathological alterations that were induced by gentamicin and, for the first time, significantly decreased the renal levels of ERK1/2 and MCP-1. Conclusion: Febuxostat and mirtazapine were found to have a synergistic impact in reducing gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. The utility of nonpurine xanthine oxidase inhibitor, such as febuxostat and mirtazapine are offering a new potential opportunity for the future nephroprotective effects therapy: Febuxostat and mirtazapine are found to have a synergistic impact in reducing gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity.Keywords
Funding Information
- not-for-profit sectors
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