Optimization of Transesterification Parameters of Melon Seed Oil

Abstract

Melon seed oil was successfully converted into biodiesel fuels via alkali catalyzed transesterification. Transesterification parameters such as base concentration, methanol to oil molar ratio, reaction time, reaction temperature, catalyst type, and step multiplicity were investigated. The results indicated that (0.75% KOH w/w of oil, a 6: 1 methanol to oil molar ratio, reaction temperature of 60°C, and a duration of 1 h) where the optimal experimental conditions for the transesterification. The Fourier transform infra red spectra of the biodiesel was also specified and found differs greatly from that of the parent oil confirming the formation of biodiesel. Properties of the produced fuels were determined and found enhanced compared to those of the parent oil. Besides, the optimal biodiesel sample was blended with petro diesel in various volume percentages. However, the results showed that biodiesel had slight influence on the original properties of petro diesel.