The article concerns the description of the system of professional training of border guards at the higher educational establishments in the Republic of India and distinguishing its structural components. To achieve the purpose of the research we used two groups of methods: quantitative and qualitative. Quantitative methods include analysis of statistical data, structural method, method of additional analysis of data, study of specific object, and juxtaposition. Qualitative methods concern analysis of normative documents, literature review, observation, method of scientific description of information, and comparative method. According to theoretical findings system approach enables to consider professional training as an integrated system with regard to its subsystems. Also, it is regarded as a specific strategy or set of techniques used to solve the particular problem – training of future expert. In our case, the pedagogical objective is to train highly-qualified border guard. The author described the system of professional training of border guards at the higher military educational establishments in the Republic of India in details. We have found that the system of professional training of border guards at the higher military educational establishments in the Republic of India consists of nine structural components. They are the following: legislative, management, institutional, methodological, targeted, organizational, content, technological, and result. Each component has its own peculiarities and coverage. The combination of all the structural components enables the system of professional training be effective and achieve the objectives. The uniqueness of the study of the system of professional training of border guards at the higher military educational establishments in the Republic of India concerns the fact that its structural components were not described before in one work. And the explanation of interrelation of structural components is very important for professional training itself and contributes to enhancing the efficiency of the educational process.