Structural Characterizations for Glass Ionomer Cement Doped with Transition Metal Phthalocyanines

Abstract

Glass and Glass iomomer cement (GICs) based on a specific composition of cerium phosphate glass (40 CeO2-60P2O5) have been prepared. Effect of the doping type at a fixed doping concentration from metal-phthalocyanines (M-PCs) on material structure and morphologies has been carefully studied. The corresponding changes in the material structure were widely followed up by 31P MAS NMR, X-Ray diffraction and FTIR spectroscopy. The network structure of both base glass and GIC which all free from metal phthalocyanines has been confirmed to be amorphous. GIC doped with M-PCs has shown a more ordered structure. There were clear changes in the position and intensities of 31P NMR spectral peaks of glasses upon changing the dopant type. In all cases, a little concentration from M-Phthalocyanine (0.8 mol%) leads to changing the network structure from amorphous to a more ordered structure. Phosphate structural phases are evidenced to be formed upon addition of a fixed amount of M-PCs (Ga, Co, Fe). The morphologies of some selected samples were characterized by SEM. The micrographs have revealed that formulating of cerium phosphate powder of the amorphous glass with a polymeric acid successfully led to the formation of CePO4-H2O bundles phases. But formulation with GIC containing Co or Fe or Ga Phthalocyanine can simply form co-aligned linear slaps and elongated nanofibers which are consisted of hydrated and carbonated CePO4 a GaPO4, FePO4 or CoPO4 crystals. The structure of all doped materials has a lower crack length than that of base glass. This was discussed on bases of formation of more aligned and elongated tough-fibers in matrix of all doped materials. Such tough fibers have ability to withstand breaking stress via suppressing crack propagation.