Skeletal muscle wasting in chronic kidney disease: the emerging role of microRNAs
- 11 October 2019
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Oxford University Press (OUP) in Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation
- Vol. 35 (9), 1469-1478
- https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfz193
Abstract
Skeletal muscle wasting is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD), characterized by the loss of muscle mass, strength and function, which significantly increases the risk of morbidity and mortality in this population. Numerous complications associated with declining renal function and lifestyle activate catabolic pathways and impair muscle regeneration, resulting in substantial protein wasting. Evidence suggests that increasing skeletal muscle mass improves outcomes in CKD, making this a clinically important research focus. Despite extensive research, the pathogenesis of skeletal muscle wasting is not completely understood. It is widely recognized that microRNAs (miRNAs), a family of short non-coding RNAs, are pivotal in the regulation of skeletal muscle homoeostasis, with significant roles in regulating muscle growth, regeneration and metabolism. The abnormal expression of miRNAs in skeletal muscle during disease has been well described in cellular and animal models of muscle atrophy, and in recent years, the involvement of miRNAs in the regulation of muscle atrophy in CKD has been demonstrated. As this exciting field evolves, there is emerging evidence for the involvement of miRNAs in a beneficial crosstalk system between skeletal muscle and other organs that may potentially limit the progression of CKD. In this article, we describe the pathophysiological mechanisms of muscle wasting and explore the contribution of miRNAs to the development of muscle wasting in CKD. We also discuss advances in our understanding of miRNAs in muscle–organ crosstalk and summarize miRNA-based therapeutics currently in clinical trials.Funding Information
- National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research Centre
- National Institute for Health Research Leicester BRC or the Department of Health
- Kidney Research UK (PDF2/2015)
This publication has 68 references indexed in Scilit:
- Twelve-week combined resistance and aerobic training confers greater benefits than aerobic training alone in nondialysis CKDAmerican Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology, 2018
- Association of physical activity with cardiovascular and renal outcomes and quality of life in chronic kidney diseasePLOS ONE, 2017
- Global kidney health 2017 and beyond: a roadmap for closing gaps in care, research, and policyThe Lancet, 2017
- Impact of Skeletal Muscle Mass on Long-Term Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Chronic Kidney DiseaseThe American Journal of Cardiology, 2017
- Impaired Glucose and Insulin Homeostasis in Moderate-Severe CKDJournal of the American Society of Nephrology, 2016
- Can Muscle-Kidney Crosstalk Slow Progression of CKD?Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 2014
- Natural History of Skeletal Muscle Mass Changes in Chronic Kidney Disease Stage 4 and 5 Patients: An Observational StudyPLOS ONE, 2013
- Association between Physical Performance and All-Cause Mortality in CKDJournal of the American Society of Nephrology, 2013
- The underappreciated role of muscle in health and diseaseThe American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2006
- Chronic Kidney Disease and the Risks of Death, Cardiovascular Events, and HospitalizationThe New England Journal of Medicine, 2004