A Sandwich‐Type Electrochemical Immunosensor for Insulin Detection Based on Au‐Adhered Cu5Zn8 Hollow Porous Carbon Nanocubes and AuNP Deposited Nitrogen‐Doped Holey Graphene
- 11 August 2022
- Vol. 18 (35), e2202516
- https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202202516
Abstract
Rapid, accurate, and sensitive insulin detection is crucial for managing and treating diabetes. A simple sandwich-type electrochemical immunosensor is engineered using gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-adhered metal-organic framework-derived copper-zinc hollow porous carbon nanocubes (Au@Cu5Zn8/HPCNC) and AuNP-deposited nitrogen-doped holey graphene (NHG) are used as a dual functional label and sensing platform. The results show that identical morphology and size of Au@Cu5Zn8/HPCNC enhance the electrocatalytic active sites, conductivity, and surface area to immobilize the detection antibodies (Ab(2)). In addition, AuNP/NHG has the requisite biocompatibility and electrical conductivity, which facilitates electron transport and increases the surface area of the capture antibody (Ab(1)). Significantly, Cu5Zn8/HPCNC exhibits necessary catalytic activity and sensitivity for the electrochemical reduction of H2O2 using (i-t) amperometry and improves the electrochemical response in differential pulse voltammetry. Under optimal conditions, the immunosensor for insulin demonstrates a wide linear range with a low detection limit and viable specificity, stability, and reproducibility. The platform's practicality is evaluated by detecting insulin in human serum samples. All these characteristics indicate that the Cu5Zn8/HPCNC-based biosensing strategy may be used for the point-of-care assay of diverse biomarkers.Funding Information
- Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (MOST 106‐2221‐E‐027‐034, MOST 109‐2222‐E‐027‐004)
- National Taipei University of Technology (InternationalDistinguishedVisitingProfessorsupportforProf.Jr‐HauHe)
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