Cosmoceutical and Therapeutic Potential of Isotretinoin Nanoparticulate Gel in Management of Acne

Abstract
This study intended to develop and evaluate isotretinoin (ITR) loaded nanoparticles taking chitosan as a polymer of interest. Ionic crosslinking method was utilized to prepare nanoparticles. Nanoparticles were formulated using varying ratios (chitosan: tripolyphosphate) and evaluated for its size, distribution of size, zeta potential, percentage of ITR entrapped within nanoparticles, in vitro drug release and its stability under accelerated conditions. The prepared nanoparticles (NPs) were spherical, white in color and free flowing, 321± 4.5 nm was the average size of optimized chitosan nanoparticles and it was able to entrap 88.76 ± 3.5%. The outcomes assured vast promise of the CNs of ITR (optimized) in management of acne and also increasing the therapeutic efficacy, thus establish to be a promising, effective and patient compliant formulation. INTRODUCTION Acne, a cutaneous pleomorphic condition of the pilosebaceous unit involving sebum production rate anomaly and described by inflammatory (pustules, nodules and papules) as well as non-inflammatory comedones (closed and/or open)(Knutson, 1974). Regular pus-forming microbes Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis are responsible for development of many forms of acne vulgaris(Rawat, Tripathi et al., 2015). It is a pleomorphic disorder and can manifest at any time during life but it most commonly occurs between ages of 12-24 years, accounting effective 85% of population (Cordain, Lindeberg et al., 2002). P. acne is an anaerobic microorganismexisting in acne lesionsthat promotes inflammation through a variety of mechanisms and involved inproducing pro-inflammatory mediators that diffuses through the follicle wall (Itoh, Tsuchida et al., 2014). Prominent in adolescence and puberty, acne is definitely associated with function of sebaceous gland, which stimulate higher secretion of sebum androgenically (Singh, Gangwar et al., 2016).However, the consequential sebaceous