随着社会的进步，生活方式的改善，心脑血管疾病发生率逐年上升，如高血压、冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病、脑梗死(Acute Cerebral Infarction, ACI)等慢性疾病。心脑血管疾病与长期血管壁慢性炎症后动脉粥样硬化相关，根据目前国内外研究证明，中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio, NLR)与动脉粥样硬化的发生、发展及其转归有着密切的联系。但目前对NLR研究尚有争论，并且影响因素较多，对NLR具体数值还尚不确定，许多科研人员及临床医生对NLR逐渐重视，越来越多的关于NLR的文献相继出版，NLR必将更加适用于临床疾病的判断、治疗及其转归，为临床医生提供参考，从而让患者受益。 With the progress of society and the improvement of lifestyle, the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases increases year by year, such as hypertension, coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, acute cerebral infarction (ACI) and other chronic diseases. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are related to atherosclerosis after chronic inflammation of vascular walls. According to the current studies at home and abroad, the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is closely related to the occurrence, development and outcome of atherosclerosis. But the current research of NLR is in dispute, influence factors are more, and the specific numerical NLR is uncertain. Many researchers and clinicians gradually pay attention to NLR, and more and more literatures have been published about NLR. NLR will be more suitable for clinical judgment, treatment and outcome of the disease, providing a reference for clinical doctors, so as to benefit patients.