In the article, tinnitus is considered as a biopsychosocial disorder that leads patients to tinnitus-specific distress. Approaches and psychotherapeutic targets for reducing tinnitus distress are systematized. The protocol of clinical and psychological examination of a patient with noise/ringing in the ears, which allows you to identify the targets of therapy, track the dynamics of treatment and minimize barriers, is presented. The specifics and effectiveness of the protocols of the «first», «second» and third waves of cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy of tinnitus.