Diabetes related distress is high in inpatients with diabetes
Open Access
- 9 April 2021
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome
- Vol. 13 (1), 1-8
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-021-00659-y
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to assess diabetes-related distress in inpatients and its association with metabolic control in people with diabetes type 1 (DM1) and type 2 (DM2). In a cross-sectional study, 107 inpatients with DM1 (age 45.9 years, diabetes duration 18.7 years, HbA1c 8.4%/67.8 mmol/mol) and 109 with DM2 (age 62.0 years, diabetes duration 16.2 years, HbA1c 8.9%/74.3 mmol/mol) from a University department for endocrinology and metabolic diseases (Germany) were included over 2 years. Diabetes-related distress was assessed with the PAID questionnaire (range 0–100, higher scores imply higher diabetes-related distress, cut-off ≥ 40). The PAID questionnaire was completed by 214 of 216 participants. Fifty-one of 214 individuals (23.8%) showed high distress (PAID score ≥ 40). The mean PAID score was 28.1 ± 17.5 in all participants with no difference between DM1 and DM2 (28.1 ± 17.4 vs. 26.2 ± 16.9, p = 0.532). Individuals with DM2 on insulin scored higher than patients without insulin (27.8 ± 17.6 vs. 18.7 ± 8.5, p = 0.004). Additionally, people with DM1 treated with a system for continuous glucose monitoring (n = 50, 33.1 ± 18.8) scored higher than participants without such system (n = 32, 20.6 ± 13.3, p = 0.001). HbA1c was not correlated with the PAID score in both, DM1 (r = 0.040, p = 0.684) and DM2 (r = − 0.024, p = 0.804). Participants with DM2 and severe hypoglycaemia/last 12 months scored higher than people without (PAID score 43.0 ± 20.4 vs. 25.1 ± 16.5, p = 0.026). Frequency of non-severe hypoglycaemia was not associated with the PAID score in DM1 and DM2. Patients with diabetes treated in hospital for problems with diabetes suffer frequently from diabetes-related distress (~ 24%) regardless of diabetes type.Keywords
Funding Information
- Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
This publication has 19 references indexed in Scilit:
- Diabetes‐specific emotional distress in people with Type 2 diabetes: a comparison between primary and secondary careDiabetic Medicine, 2014
- Type 1 diabetes and living without a partner: Psychological and social aspects, self-management behaviour, and glycaemic controlDiabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 2013
- Diabetes Attitudes, Wishes and Needs second study (DAWN2™): Cross‐national benchmarking of diabetes‐related psychosocial outcomes for people with diabetesDiabetic Medicine, 2013
- Prävalenz von depressiver Symptomatik und diagnostizierter Depression bei Erwachsenen in DeutschlandBundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz, 2013
- Hypoglycemia and Diabetes: A Report of a Workgroup of the American Diabetes Association and The Endocrine SocietyDiabetes Care, 2013
- Putting PAID to Diabetes-Related Distress: The Potential Utility of the Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID) Scale in Patients with DiabetesPsychosomatics, 2013
- A longitudinal study of affective and anxiety disorders, depressive affect and diabetes distress in adults with Type 2 diabetesDiabetic Medicine, 2008
- How to screen for depression and emotional problems in patients with diabetes: comparison of screening characteristics of depression questionnaires, measurement of diabetes-specific emotional problems and standard clinical assessmentDiabetologia, 2006
- Serious diabetes-specific emotional problems and depression in a Croatian–Dutch–English Survey from the European Depression in Diabetes [EDID] Research ConsortiumDiabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 2005
- The Effect of Intensive Treatment of Diabetes on the Development and Progression of Long-Term Complications in Insulin-Dependent Diabetes MellitusThe New England Journal of Medicine, 1993