Overview of Forensic DNA Profiling and Database
Open Access
- 5 February 2021
- journal article
- Published by Faculty of Dentistry Khalij-Libya Dental College in Khalij-Libya Journal of Dental and Medical Research
Abstract
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) profiling, has had a tremendous impact on forensic genetics. Before DNA profiling, all forensic genetic casework (e.g., Paternity testing, criminal casework, individual identification) was performed using classical serological genetic markers. Blood groups, human leukocyte antigen (HLA), and polymorphic protein and enzymes were used for solving forensic genetic casework using immunological and electrophoretic methodologies. These genetic markers were nevertheless limited when it was necessary to analyze minimal or degraded material, which is commonly involved in forensic cases. An STR is a region of human DNA containing an array of tandem repeats. Arrays range from only a 10 to about a hundred repeated units. This essay confers the basic concepts of operating of DNA in the criminal investigation. This review primarily summarizes the major tandem repeat markers used in forensic DNA profiling, that assist criminal’s conviction, exonerate the inferring individuals, and recognize victims of violence, catastrophes, and armed conflict.Keywords
This publication has 5 references indexed in Scilit:
- STRSeq: A catalog of sequence diversity at human identification Short Tandem Repeat lociForensic Science International: Genetics, 2017
- DNA fingerprinting in forensics: past, present, futureInvestigative Genetics, 2013
- A statistical framework for SNP calling, mutation discovery, association mapping and population genetical parameter estimation from sequencing dataBioinformatics, 2011
- Molecular PhotofittingPublished by Elsevier BV ,2008
- Hypervariable ‘minisatellite’ regions in human DNANature, 1985