An Updated Review on Recent Advancements in the Diverse Biological Applications of Medicinally Privileged Scaffold: Chalcone and its derivatives

Abstract

Fused heterocyclic compounds rank among the most significant systems in medicinal chemistry because of their wide-ranging biological effects. Among the various class of compounds, chalcones and their derivatives are found to be one of the important classes in the field of synthetic and pharmaceutical chemistry. These derivatives are mainly synthesized by means of Claisen-Schmidt condensation, Crossed Aldol condensation and Knoevenagel condensation reactions, which provides wider applications in the field of medicine. Due to the broader biological applications like antimicrobial, anticancer, antimalarial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitubercular, antidiabetic, antileishmanial, anti-vitiligo and neuroprotective properties, these derivatives extended their role in coordination chemistry and also act as intermediates for the synthesis of various organic derivatives containing isoxazole, pyrazole, pyrimidine, naphthalene, indole, polyamine and other moieties as hybrid molecules. The present review discusses the biological applications of various chalcone derivatives. Due to their easiest way of synthesis, nowadays, these types of derivatives were tried for various ailments and by means of implementing various greener chemistry approaches, novel and potent derivatives can be synthesized and applied for various applications. Thus, this review will be helpful for the design of potent chalcone derivatives for numerous applications in the future. Keywords: Chalcones, 1,3-diphenyl-2-propene-1-one, microbial properties, anticancer, antioxidant, neuroprotective and biological applications