The drawbacks of monetarist and fiscal definitions of the terms "finance", "financial system" and "financial policy" are revealed and the author's definitions of these concepts are theoretically s justified. The goal of financial policy is defined as ensuring sustainable balanced socio-economic development of the country based on economic incentives and harmonization of the economic interests of the main social macrogroups. One of the main objectives of financial policy is to ensure the financial stability of all sectors of the national economy (including the real one) while stimulating economic growth by supporting the domestic producer. The author's interpretation of the term "economic intermediaries" is given, which include economic agents that redistribute value added in their own interests to the detriment of the interests of the real sector of the economy.