Thorough overview of ubiquitin C‐terminal hydrolase‐L1 and glial fibrillary acidic protein as tandem biomarkers recently cleared by US Food and Drug Administration for the evaluation of intracranial injuries among patients with traumatic brain injury
Open Access
- 19 January 2021
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Wiley in Acute Medicine & Surgery
- Vol. 8 (1)
- https://doi.org/10.1002/ams2.622
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity affecting all ages. It remains to be a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge, in which, to date, there is no Food and Drug Administration‐approved drug for treating patients suffering from TBI. The heterogeneity of the disease and the associated complex pathophysiology make it difficult to assess the level of the trauma and to predict the clinical outcome. Current injury severity assessment relies primarily on the Glasgow Coma Scale score or through neuroimaging, including magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography scans. Nevertheless, such approaches have certain limitations when it comes to accuracy and cost efficiency, as well as exposing patients to unnecessary radiation. Consequently, extensive research work has been carried out to improve the diagnostic accuracy of TBI, especially in mild injuries, because they are often difficult to diagnose. The need for accurate and objective diagnostic measures led to the discovery of biomarkers significantly associated with TBI. Among the most well‐characterized biomarkers are ubiquitin C‐terminal hydrolase‐L1 and glial fibrillary acidic protein. The current review presents an overview regarding the structure and function of these distinctive protein biomarkers, along with their clinical significance that led to their approval by the US Food and Drug Administration to evaluate mild TBI in patients.Keywords
This publication has 87 references indexed in Scilit:
- Combining Biochemical and Imaging Markers to Improve Diagnosis and Characterization of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in the Acute Setting: Results from a Pilot StudyPLOS ONE, 2013
- Neuroprotective Effects of Ginsenoside Rb1 on High Glucose-Induced Neurotoxicity in Primary Cultured Rat Hippocampal NeuronsPLOS ONE, 2013
- Glial Neuronal Ratio: A Novel Index for Differentiating Injury Type in Patients with Severe Traumatic Brain InjuryJournal of Neurotrauma, 2012
- Serum Concentrations of Ubiquitin C-Terminal Hydrolase-L1 and αII-Spectrin Breakdown Product 145 kDa Correlate with Outcome after Pediatric TBIJournal of Neurotrauma, 2012
- Biokinetic Analysis of Ubiquitin C-Terminal Hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1) in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Patient BiofluidsJournal of Neurotrauma, 2011
- Neuronal and glial markers are differently associated with computed tomography findings and outcome in patients with severe traumatic brain injury: a case control studyCritical Care, 2011
- Ubiquitin C‐terminal hydrolase‐L1 as a biomarker for ischemic and traumatic brain injury in ratsEuropean Journal of Neuroscience, 2010
- Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase is a novel biomarker in humans for severe traumatic brain injury*Critical Care Medicine, 2010
- Classification of Traumatic Brain Injury for Targeted TherapiesJournal of Neurotrauma, 2008
- GFAP Versus S100B in Serum after Traumatic Brain Injury: Relationship to Brain Damage and OutcomeJournal of Neurotrauma, 2004