Long-Term Toxicity of Gadolinium to the Freshwater Crustacean Daphnia magna
- 12 October 2021
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
- Vol. 108 (5), 848-853
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-021-03388-0
Abstract
The lanthanides are considered emerging contaminants but information on their long-term toxicity to aquatic species under environmentally relevant conditions is scarce. We aimed to fill this gap by evaluating the long-term adverse effects of gadolinium on the freshwater model—crustacean Daphnia magna. The exposure of D. magna for up to 39 days to 0.1 mg Gd/L (a 21-days chronic toxicity NOEC value derived by us formerly) in the lake water had no negative effect (p > 0.05) on vitality, size and reproduction of parent animals as well as their offspring. Thus, assumingly the current Gd contamination levels of surface waters pose no hazard to aquatic crustaceans that in general are very sensitive to various pollutants. Moreover, presence of 0.1 mg Gd/L in the lake water even mitigated the long-term toxic effect of 0.2 mg Ni/L (studied as a model co-contaminant) to D. magna’s vitality and productivity.Keywords
Funding Information
- Eesti Teadusagentuur (PRG684)
- European Regional Development Fund (2014-2020.4.01.16-0123, TK134)
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