Case report of a young woman, aged 27, suffering from severe megaloblastic anemia due to folic acid deficiency. The factor responsible for this deficiency seems to be the regular use of oral contraceptives for 3 years (Noracycline 22®). Recent investigation evidenced the existence of selective malabsorption of food folates, due to the action of hormonal contraceptives on the intestinal conjugase. It can thus be admitted that contraceptive drugs play a prominent part in the genesis of this type of anemia. However, other factors must also be considered, like malnutrition and a masked malabsorption syndrome. The relation with megaloblastic anemia in pregnancy is discussed