Qualification of Soybean Responses to Flooding Stress Using UAV-Based Imagery and Deep Learning
Open Access
- 1 January 2021
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) in Plant Phenomics
Abstract
Soybean is sensitive to flooding stress that may result in poor seed quality and significant yield reduction. Soybean production under flooding could be sustained by developing flood-tolerant cultivars through breeding programs. Conventionally, soybean tolerance to flooding in field conditions is evaluated by visually rating the shoot injury/damage due to flooding stress, which is labor-intensive and subjective to human error. Recent developments of field high-throughput phenotyping technology have shown great potential in measuring crop traits and detecting crop responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. The goal of this study was to investigate the potential in estimating flood-induced soybean injuries using UAV-based image features collected at different flight heights. The flooding injury score (FIS) of 724 soybean breeding plots was taken visually by breeders when soybean showed obvious injury symptoms. Aerial images were taken on the same day using a five-band multispectral and an infrared (IR) thermal camera at 20, 50, and 80m above ground. Five image features, i.e., canopy temperature, normalized difference vegetation index, canopy area, width, and length, were extracted from the images at three flight heights. A deep learning model was used to classify the soybean breeding plots to five FIS ratings based on the extracted image features. Results show that the image features were significantly different at three flight heights. The best classification performance was obtained by the model developed using image features at 20m with 0.9 for the five-level FIS. The results indicate that the proposed method is very promising in estimating FIS for soybean breeding.Funding Information
- University of Missouri
This publication has 56 references indexed in Scilit:
- Morphological and Physiological Responses of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) to WaterloggingAsian Journal of Plant Sciences, 2010
- Subtle topographical differences along a floodplain promote different plant strategies among Paspalum dilatatum subspecies and populationsAustral Ecology, 2010
- Escape from water or remain quiescent? Lotus tenuis changes its strategy depending on depth of submergenceAnnals of Botany, 2009
- Effects of Flooding on Growth, Yield and Aerenchyma Development in Adventitious Roots in Four Cultivars of Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.)Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 2008
- New developments in the remote estimation of the fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation in cropsGeophysical Research Letters, 2005
- Effect of senescent leaves on NDVI-based estimates of fAPAR: Experimental and modelling evidencesInternational Journal of Remote Sensing, 2004
- The influence of soil temperature on transpiration: a plot scale manipulation in a young Scots pine standForest Ecology and Management, 2004
- Ecophysiological adaptations of black spruce ( Picea mariana ) and tamarack ( Larix laricina ) seedlings to floodingTrees, 2004
- Increased crop damage in the US from excess precipitation under climate changeGlobal Environmental Change, 2002
- Decreased root hydraulic conductivity reduces leaf water potential, initiates stomatal closure and slows leaf expansion in flooded plants of castor oil (Ricinus communis) despite diminished delivery of ABA from the roots to shoots in xylem sapPhysiologia Plantarum, 2001