The Impact of Replacement of Concentrates with Fermented Tithonia (Tithonia diversifolia) and Avocado Waste (Persea americana miller) in Fermented Sugarcane Shoots (Saccharum Officinarum) Based Rations on Consumption, Digestibility, and Production Perform
| Fermented sugarcane shoots are used as energy sources, and fermented tithonia (Tithonia diversifolia) as a forage protein source in Kacang goat rations. Avocado waste to optimize rumen bioprocessing. This research aimed to obtain good performance from Kacang goats through appropriate ration formulation based on fermented forage (sugarcane shoots and tithonia) with avocado waste. This formulation is expected to minimize the use of concentrate in the ration. This study used 16 male Kacang goats aged one year, which consisted of four groups based on body weight. The concentrate consists of rice bran, corn, palm kernel cake, salt, and minerals. The treatments were as follows: T0= 35% fermented sugarcane shoots (FSS) + 5% fermented tithonia (FT) + 0% avocado waste (AW) + 60% concentrate, T1= 35% FSS + 9.5% FT + 0.5% AW + 55% concentrate, T2= 35% FSS + 14 % FT + 1% AW + 50% concentrate, T3= 35% FSS + 18.5% FT + 1.5% AW + 45% concentrate. The parameters measured included feed consumption (dry matter, organic matter, and crude protein), nutrient digestibility (dry matter, organic matter, and crude protein), and production performance (body weight gain and feed efficiency). The result showed that the difference in ration composition had a significant effect (P<0.05) on feed consumption, nutrient digestibility, and production performance. This study concluded that the combination of 35% fermented sugarcane shoots +14% fermented tithonia + 1% avocado waste (AW) +50% concentrate resulted in the best feed consumption, nutrient digestibility, and production performance of Kacang goat.