Dynamic palmitoylation controls the microdomain localization of the DKK1 receptors CKAP4 and LRP6
- 19 November 2019
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) in Science Signaling
- Vol. 12 (608)
- https://doi.org/10.1126/scisignal.aat9519
Abstract
Dickkopf1 (DKK1) was originally identified as an antagonist of Wnt signaling that binds to and induces the clathrin-mediated endocytosis of the Wnt coreceptors low-density lipoprotein receptor–related proteins 5 and 6 (LRP5/6). DKK1 also binds to cytoskeleton-associated protein 4 (CKAP4), which was originally identified as an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein but also functions at the plasma membrane as a receptor for various ligands. The DKK1-CKAP4 pathway is activated in several human cancers and promotes cell proliferation by activating signaling through the kinases PI3K and AKT. We found that both CKAP4 and LRP6 primarily localized to detergent-resistant membrane (DRM) fractions of the plasma membrane in a palmitoylation-dependent manner and that palmitoylation of CKAP4 was required for it to promote cell proliferation. DKK1 induced the depalmitoylation of both CKAP4 and LRP6 by acylprotein thioesterases (APTs), resulting in their translocation to the non-DRM fractions. Moreover, DKK1-dependent depalmitoylation of both receptors required activation of the PI3K-AKT pathway. DKK1 simultaneously bound CKAP4 and LRP6, resulting in the formation of a ternary complex. LRP5/6 knockdown decreased DKK1-dependent AKT activation and cancer cell proliferation through CKAP4, whereas CKAP4 knockdown did not affect DKK1-dependent inhibition of Wnt signaling through LRP5/6. These results indicate that the palmitoylation states of CKAP4 and LRP6 play important roles in their signaling and that LRP5/6 enhance DKK1-CKAP4 signaling.Keywords
Funding Information
- Ichiro Kanehara Foundation for the Promotion of Medical Sciences and Medical Care
- Yasuda Memorial Foundation
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S) (16H06374)
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) (No.26460365)
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research for Young Scientists (Start-up) (16H06944)
- Project for Cancer Research And Therapeutic Evolution (P-CREATE) to A.K. from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and development, AMED. (16cm0106119h0001)
- Project for Cancer Research And Therapeutic Evolution (P-CREATE) to A.K. from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and development, AMED. (18cm0106132h0001)
- Project for Cancer Research And Therapeutic Evolution (P-CREATE) to A.K. from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and development, AMED. (19cm0106152h0001)
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovation Areas, ’’Organelle zone’’ (18H04861)
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovation Areas, ’’Cell diverse’’ (18H05101)
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Reserch Initiatives, Osaka University
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