Current strategy of squamous cell carcinoma diagnosis and treatment
Open Access
- 24 April 2021
- journal article
- Published by Publishing House ABV Press in Head and Neck Tumors (HNT)
- Vol. 11 (1), 51-72
- https://doi.org/10.17650/2222-1468-2021-11-1-51-72
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the second most common skin cancer after basal cell carcinoma. Usually, antitumor treatment is sufficiently effective: recovery rate is about 90 %. Primary SCC is characterized by variable growth rate, as well as by involvement of regional lymph nodes (from 1 % for well differentiated tumors to 10 % for poorly differentiated tumors, size >3 cm and /or invasion depth >4 mm). In case of SCC development near post-burn scar, the rate of regional metastasis is 10-30 %. A relatively small possibility of distant metastasis also exists, with overall mortality of 2-3 %. In SCC of the head and neck, both hematogenic and perineural advancement into the CNS are possible. Total rate of local recurrences is 25 %. The main factors of local and regional recurrences are location (head and neck), size (tumor diameter >2 cm), invasion depth (>4 mm), tumor differentiation, perineural involvement, patient's immune status and previous treatment. Tumors in areas that weren»t subjected to solar radiation and tumors in the areas of pervious irradiation, thermal damage, scarring or chronic ulcers are more prone to recurrences and metastasis. Poorly differentiated and anaplastic SCC is more likely to metastasize compared to well differentiated tumors. Medially located SCC is the area of the face mask and lip is more prone to neural invasion. Multidisciplinary approach with involvement of all specialists in antitumor treatment is necessary for development of treatment tactics.Keywords
This publication has 100 references indexed in Scilit:
- Tumor Recurrence 5 Years after Treatment of Cutaneous Basal Cell Carcinoma and Squamous Cell CarcinomaJournal of Investigative Dermatology, 2013
- Phase 1 Study of Erlotinib Plus Radiation Therapy in Patients With Advanced Cutaneous Squamous Cell CarcinomaInternational Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, 2013
- Dermatoscopy of facial actinic keratosis, intraepidermal carcinoma, and invasive squamous cell carcinoma: A progression modelJournal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 2012
- Somatic Mutation of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in a Small Subset of Cutaneous Squamous Cell CarcinomaJournal of Investigative Dermatology, 2010
- Intralesional methotrexate treatment for keratoacanthoma tumors: A retrospective study and review of the literatureJournal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 2007
- Increased metastasis and mortality from cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemiaJournal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 2005
- Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma treated with Mohs micrographic surgery in Australia I. Experience over 10 yearsJournal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 2005
- Surgical margins for excision of primary cutaneous squamous cell carcinomaJournal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 1992
- Prognostic factors for local recurrence, metastasis, and survival rates in squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, ear, and lip: Implications for treatment modality selectionJournal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 1992
- Successful treatment of keratoacanthoma with intralesional fluorouracilJournal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 1980