2005年以来，随着水资源的大力开发利用，德宏州境内两大水系大盈江、瑞丽江兴建了众多梯级电站，为掌握近十多年来水电站水库建设运行对河流水文特性造成的影响情况，以工程建设前后都有水文站控制的两江干流为例，采用数理统计法进行水文情势的变化分析，结果表明：两江干流梯级电站建设运行后对下游水文特性的影响程度较大。其中，下泄水体含沙量明显减少，河床发生持续下切，水位呈明显下降趋势；电站运行使下游水量呈减少趋势，对年径流量影响较小，对年最大流量影响较大，对年最小流量影响最大；水文要素系列一致性发生改变，水文资料宜按电站建成前后分段使用。最后，根据影响情况及水资源可持续发展新需求，提出了相应的对策和建议，以供水资源开发利用和保护管理参考。 Since 2005, with the development and utilization of water resources, many cascade hydropower sta-tions have been built in Yingjiang rivers and Ruili rivers of Dehong Prefecture. In order to grasp the influence of hydropower station reservoir construction and operation on river hydrological characte-ristics in recent ten years, take the main stream of two rivers with hydrological stations before and after the project construction as an example, use mathematical statistics to analyze changes in hydro-logical situation, the results showed that: Yingjiang Rivers and Ruili Rivers after the construction of two power plants run downstream impact on the hydrologic characteristics of large, Among them, the sediment concentration of the discharged water decreased significantly, the riverbed continued to cut down, and the water level showed an obvious downward trend. The operation of the power station causes the downstream water volume to decrease, which has a small impact on the annual runoff, a greater impact on the annual maximum flow, and the largest impact on the annual minimum flow. The consistency of the series of hydrological elements has changed, and the hydrological data should be used in sections before and after the completion of the power station. Finally, according to the impact situation and the new demand for sustainable development of water resources, put forward the cor-responding countermeasures and suggestions to water resources development, utilization and protec-tion and management of reference.