Antenatal factors and perinatal outcome in live born babies

Abstract

Introduction: The neonatal outcome of pregnancy is dependent upon the optimal functioning of feto-maternal unit, thus the maternal health is a determinant of survival. Aim and Objective: of the study to correlation between demographic and socio-economic status of mother to birth weight of baby. And influence of maternal reproductive and antenatal factors on birth weight of baby. Material and Methods: This study was aimed with a view to evaluate 500 live births in relation to maternal and neonatal factors and correlation of anthropometric measurements. The incidence of beneficiaries availing the antenatal care facilities was also studied and their correlation with neonatal outcome was analysed. It is a random study based on interview of pregnant women admitted in the antenatal wards. Results: Total incidence of normal vaginal delivery constitutes 86.2% while abnormal labour constitute 13.6%. Vaginal delivery both normal and abnormal constitutes 90.6% while LSCS delivery is 9.4%. Forceps delivery is 3% and Breech delivery incidence is 1.4%. 39% had birth length < 47cm while 61 % had birth length > 47cm. 40.2% newborn had head circumference < 33 cm while 59.8% had head circumference > 33 cm. It is evident that 38.4% born babies having birth weight < 2.5 kg while 61.6% boom infant have birth weight > 2.5 kg. Mothers having gestational weight < 50 kg had incidence of 29.4% which indicate malnutrition. While 47.4% mothers had weight between 50-60 kg and 23.2% mothers had weight >60 kg. Discussion: Type of labour-Incidence of normal labour in this study was 90.6% and as compare to abnormal labour 13.6%. Aiyar et al. 1969 reported that the incidence of normal labour was 94% which is approximately coinciding with the present study. Incidence of low birth weight babies is 13.9% higher among mother with age group upto 20 years and suddenly drops to 3.6% in the age group of 21-25 years and thereafter it increase upto 30 years and thereafter it decreases with increase of maternal age. Conclusion: Out of 500 live births 90.6% were normal labour while 13.6% were abnormal labour of which 9.4% constituted LSCS delivery. There was slight female predominance of 56.8% while male child born were 43.2%. 20.4% were preterm, 75.6% were full term and 4% born were post term. Nearly one third babies had low birth weight, 38.4% while 61.6% had birth weight more the 2.5 kg.