随着国家大力推进生态文明建设，梯级水库调度中发电和生态效益之间的矛盾亟需得到协调。以清江梯级水库为研究对象，以最小下泄流量为参照，分别考虑清江最小和适宜生态流量，建立基于高斯径向基函数的梯级水库多目标调度模型，采用NSGA-II算法求解，从水库优化调度的角度对水文学方法计算得出的生态流量进行适用性讨论。结果表明：基于高斯径向基函数的调度规则具有较好的优化效果，考虑生态效益会在一定程度上降低发电效益，且随着生态要求的增加，发电和生态效益之间的矛盾更加明显；最小生态流量比适宜生态流量更适用于清江梯级水库的生态调度；采用优化调度结果对最小生态流量进行修正，可以在保持Tennant法流量状况的评价的基础上降低生态流量缺额。With the promotion of national ecological civilization construction, it is urgent to balance the contradiction between hydropower and ecological benefits in cascade reservoir operation. In this paper, the cascade reservoirs in the Qing River were selected as the case study. The Gaussian radial basis function-based cascade reservoir operation model was established, which considered the minimum outflow as a reference, the minimum and suitable ecological flows, and the multi-objective optimization model was optimized using NSGA-II algorithm. The applicability of the ecological flow calculated by hydrological methods from the perspective of reservoir optimization operation was discussed. The results show that the operation rule based on the Gaussian radial basis functions performs well. Considering ecological benefits will reduce hydropower generation benefits to a certain extent, and as the ecological requirements increase, the contradiction between power generation and ecological benefits becomes more obvious. The minimum ecological flow is more suitable than the suitable ecological flow in practice. The minimum ecological flow modified by optimized operation results can reduce the ecological flow deficit on the basis of maintaining the Tennant-based flow evaluation.