Daya Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Api-Api (Avicennia alba) terhadap Vibrio harveyi Penyebab Vibriosis secara Invitro [In Vitro Antibacteria Activity of Api-Api (Avicennia alba) Leave Extract Against Vibrio harveyi Causes Vibriosis]

Abstract

Abstrak Budidaya udang dihadapkan pada berbagai kendala penyakit yang timbul dan dapat menyebabkan kematian masal pada larva udang windu, salah satunya vibriosis yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Vibrio harveyi.   Zat antibakteri yaitu : flavonoid, saponin dan tanin terbukti dapat membunuh beberapa bakteri patogen. Daun api – api Avicennia alba mengandung zat anti bakteri sehingga berpotensi digunakan untuk membunuh bakteri Vibrio harveyi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi optimum ekstrak daun api-api (Avicennia alba) dalam menghambat dan membunuh pertumbuhan bakteri Vibrio harveyi. Penelitian ini mengunakan metode eksperimental dengan perlakuan konsentrasi ekstrak daun api-api (Avicennia alba) sebesar 100%, 90% 80%, 70%, 60%, 50%, 40%. 30%, 20%, 10%, 0%. Parameter yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) dan pertumbuhan koloni pada uji Minimum Bacteria Concentration (MBC). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pada konsentrasi 60% ekstrak daun Avicennia alba dapat menghambat pertumbuhan V.harveyi. Sedangkan pada konsentrasi 90% ekstrak daun Avicennia alba menyebabkan bakteri V.harveyi terbunuh. Abstract Shrimp culture has various obstacles such as the emergence of diseases that can cause deaths in tiger shrimp larvae such as vibriosis caused by Vibrio harveyi. Some antibacterial substances such as flavonoid, saponin, and tannin inhibit and kill several pathogenic bacteria. Avicennia alba leaves contain anti-bacterial substances that have the potential to be used to kill Vibrio harveyi bacteria. This study aimed to determine the minimum concentration of Avicennia alba leaves extract for inhibiting and kill the growth of Vibrio harveyi. This study used an experimental method, using Avicennia alba leaves extract concentration treatment of 100%, 90% 80%, 70%, 60%, 50%, 40%. 30%, 20%, 10%, 0%. The parameters observed in this study were the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and bacteria colony growth in Minimum Bacteria Concentration (MBC) test. The results showed that at a concentration of 60% Avicennia alba leaves extract could inhibit the growth of V.harveyi. While at a concentration of 90% Avicennia alba leaves extract, Vibrio harveyi bacteria was killed.