The Effect of Lactobacillus casei on Experimental Porcine Inflammatory Bowel Disease Induced by Dextran Sodium Sulphate

Abstract

Background: Gastrointestinal injury caused by dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) is a reliable porcine experimental model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of probiotic Lactobacillus casei DN 114001 (LC) on DSS-induced experimental IBD.Results: Eighteen female pigs (Sus scrofa f. domestica, weight 33–36 kg, age 4–5 months) were divided into 3 groups (6 animals per group): controls with no treatment, DSS, and DSS + LC. LC was administered to overnight fasting animals in a dietary bolus in the morning on days 1–7 (4.5 × 1010 live bacteria/day). DSS was applied simultaneously on days 3–7 (0.25 g/kg/day). On day 8, the pigs were sacrificed. Histopathological score and length of crypts/glands (stomach, jejunum, ileum, transverse colon), length and width of villi (jejunum, ileum), and mitotic and apoptotic indices (jejunum, ileum, transverse colon) were assessed. DSS increased the length of glands in the stomach, length of crypts and villi in the jejunum and ileum, and the histopathological score of gastrointestinal damage, length of crypts and mitotic activity in the transverse colon. Other changes did not achieve any statistical significance. Administration of LC reduced the length of villi in the jejunum and ileum to control levels and decreased the length of crypts in the jejunum. Conclusions: Treatment with a probiotic strain of LC significantly accelerated regeneration of the small intestine in a DSS-induced experimental porcine model of IBD.