Appealing sheath‐core spun high‐performance composite carbon molecular sieve membranes

Abstract

Carbon molecular sieve (CMS) membranes are attractive candidates to meet requirements for challenging gas separations. The added ability to maintain such intrinsic properties in an asymmetric morphology with a structure that we term a "Pseudo Wheel+Hub & Spoke" asymmetric form offers new opportunities. For CMS membrane, specifically, the structure provides both selective layer support and low flow resistance even for high feed pressures and fluxes in CO2 removal from natural gas. This capability is unavailable to even rigid glassy polymers due to the much higher modulus of CMS materials. Combining precursor asymmetric hollow fiber formation and optimized pyrolysis creates a defect free CMS proof-of-concept membrane for this application. Facile formation of the sheath-core spun precursor with a 6FDA-DAM sheath and Matrimid (R) core also avoids the need to seal defects before or after the carbonization of the precursors. The composite CMS membrane shows CO2/CH4 (50 : 50) mixed gas feed with an attractive CO2/CH4 selectivity of 64.3 and CO2 permeance of 232 GPU at 35 degrees C. A key additional benefit of the approach is reduction in use of the more costly high performance 6FDA-DAM in a composite sheath-core CMS membrane with the "Pseudo Wheel+Hub & Spoke" structure.