Pharmacological control of pain during propofol injection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- 1 June 2021
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Taylor & Francis Ltd in Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology
- Vol. 14 (7), 889-899
- https://doi.org/10.1080/17512433.2021.1919084
Abstract
A research was performed to review the effect of pharmacological interventions to control the propofol injection pain. A search of databases was performed. Randomized clinical trials comparing pharmacological interventions with placebo or active compound to reduce of propofol injection pain were selected. The outcome was the frequency of pain. Data were analyzed in three subgroups according to type of control. Random effect model was used to calculate relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Fifty-two articles with 105 studies on 7315 adults were included. The incidence of pain in intervention and control group was 40.91% and 66.27%. Combination therapy with two drugs (RR=0.29 95% CI= (0.11, 0.75)), opioids (RR=0.39 95% CI= (0.28, 0.54)) and 5 HT3 antagonists (RR=0.39 95% CI= (0.30, 0.50)) were the most effective interventions compared to placebo. Combination therapy was the most effective intervention compared to lidocaine as control (RR=0.51 95% CI= (0.46, 0.55)). Opioids were the most effective intervention compared to long chain triglyceride propofol as control (RR=0.27 95% CI= (0.15, 0.49)). Pretreatment with two different drugs, opioids and surprisingly 5 HT3 antagonists were the most effective interventions compared to placebo. Combination therapy was the most effective versus lidocaine as control.Keywords
Funding Information
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
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