近年来我国养鹅行业的发展速度较快，养鹅场的规模不断扩大，导致养鹅场内的鹅病呈复杂化和多样化的趋势，发病率逐年增多；特别是小鹅瘟(鹅细小病毒病)、大肠杆菌病、巴氏杆菌病、呼肠孤病、鸭瘟病毒等时有发生，它们单一感染或共感染，造成鹅的发病、死亡或生产性能降低，使养殖者的经济利益受到严重打击。本实验通过对某鹅厂不同日龄、不同健康状况和种类的鹅抽样收集肛拭子样品，并根据Gen Bank中已发表基因的保守序列，利用primer premier 5软件设计了8对特异性检测引物，对巴氏杆菌、志贺氏毒素大肠杆菌、鸭瘟病毒、鹅细小病毒、呼肠孤病毒进行PCR检测，结果显示本次抽测样品中未检测到巴氏杆菌和志贺氏毒素大肠杆菌，阴性率均为100% (60/60)，检测出6例鸭瘟病毒、5例鹅细小病毒和14例呼肠孤病毒，阳性率分别为10% (6/60)、8.3% (5/60)、23.3% (14/60)，这将对该鹅场及新疆地区鹅病的防治和预防工作提供参考依据。 In recent years, the development of goose industry in China is rapid, and the scale of goose farm is expanding, which leads to the trend of complexity and diversification of goose disease in goose farm, and the incidence of goose disease is increasing year by year. In particular, goose plague (goose parvovirus disease), Escherichia coli disease, Pasteurella multocida disease, reovirus infection, duck plague and so on occur from time to time. Their single infection or coinfection results in the incidence of goose disease, death or degradation of production performance, which seriously hits the economic interests of farmers. In this experiment, anal swabs samples were collected from different ages, different health conditions and species of geese in a goose factory. According to the conserved sequence of published genes in Gen Bank, eight pairs of specific primers were designed by using primer premier 5 software for PCR detection of Pasteurella multocida, Shiga toxin Escherichia coli, duck plague, goose parvovirus and goose reovirus. The results showed that Pasteurella multocida and Shigella toxin colibacillosis were not detected in this sample, the negative rate was 100% (60/60), 6 cases of duck plague virus, 5 cases of goose parvovirus and 14 cases of reovirus were detected, the positive rates were 10% (6/60), 8.3% (5/60) and 23.3% (14/60), respectively, which would provide a reference for the prevention and control of goose disease in this goose farm and Xinjiang.