“Anak ini kalau makan, ya apapun yang diminta…”: Eksplorasi Nilai Anak dan Pola Pengasuhan Anak pada Suku Jawa di Desa Besowo, Kediri, Jawa Timur

Abstract

Background: Several studies have found that the nutritional status of children was much influenced by childcare patterns. While other studies reveal that parenting patterns were influenced by children's values. The higher the value of the child in the eyes of parents, the better the pattern of care provided is expected, including the habit of dietary given to the child. The study was aimed to explore the value of children (psychology, social, and economy) in Besowo. Methods: Qualitative research was carried out through an ethnographic approach. The researcher lived in Besowo for six months (June-November 2019). Informants were determined purposively on 23 women and 6 men. The main focus of the research was on the values of children and parenting patterns, including a child's diet. Results: The value of children psychologically, children were everything. This value makes parents try to be able to fulfill all the wishes of children. When the child did not want to eat, then whatever the child wants will be fulfilled, including eating snacks that were categorized as unhealthy. Value of children socially, children were considered as successors in the family, including those who were obliged to continue and maintain the good name of the family. Parents want children to follow in the footsteps of parents. Unconsciously the parents in question were male parents. The value of the child economically, the child was an investment or an asset. Children were where parents depend on old age. The pattern of parenting showed that even though the value of the child was considered very high, the pattern of care, especially the pattern of food intake in children, tend to be ignored. Conclusion: Javanese children in the village of Besowo have psychological, social and economic values. Although assessing children was everything, parenting patterns, including intake patterns, showed the opposite treatment. ABSTRAK   Latar Belakang: Beberapa penelitian menemukan bahwa status gizi anak banyak dipengaruhi pola pengasuhan anak. Sementara penelitian lain mengungkap bahwa pola pengasuhan dipengaruhi oleh nilai anak. Semakin tinggi nilai anak di mata orang tua, maka diharapkan semakin baik pola pengasuhan yang diberikan, termasuk pola makan yang diberikan pada anak. Penelitian ditujukan untuk mengeksplorasi nilai anak (psikologi, sosial, dan ekonomi) di Desa Besowo. Metode: Penelitian kualitatif dilakukan melalui pendekatan etnografi. Peneliti lived in di Desa Besowo selama enam bulan (Juni-November 2019). Informan ditentukan secara purposif pada 23 perempuan dan 6 laki-laki. Fokus utama penelitian pada nilai anak dan pola pengasuhan, termasuk pola makan. Hasil: Nilai anak secara psikologi, anak adalah segalanya. Nilai ini membuat orang tua berusaha untuk dapat memenuhi semua keinginan anak. Pada saat anak tidak mau makan, maka apapun maunya anak akan dipenuhi, termasuk makan jajanan yang masuk kategori tidak sehat. Nilai anak secara sosial, anak dianggap sebagai penerus dalam keluarga, termasuk yang berkewajiban untuk meneruskan dan menjaga nama baik keluarga. Orang tua menginginkan anak mengikuti jejak orang tua. Secara tidak sadar orang tua yang dimaksud adalah orang tua laki-laki. Nilai anak secara ekonomi, anak adalah investasi atau aset. Anak adalah tempat orang tua bergantung di hari tua. Pola pengasuhan anak menunjukkan bahwa meski menganggap nilai anak sangat tinggi, tetapi pola pangasuhan, terutama pola asupan makanan pada anak, cenderung diabaikan. Kesimpulan: Anak pada suku Jawa di Desa Besowo memiliki nilai psikologi, sosial dan ekonomi. Meski menilai anak adalah segalanya, tetapi pola pengasuhan, termasuk pola asupan, menunjukkan perlakuan yang bertolak belakang.