This paper first discusses different development periods of science culture and religion culture and elaborates forms of religious extremization. At the same time, by solving the evolutionary game strategy between science culture and religious extremization, it explores the important role of science culture in eliminating religious extremization. It found that science culture and religious extremization can reach an evolutionary equilibrium after a long-term game, and converge to a stable node; strengthening science culture construction can effectively eliminate the phenomenon of religious extremization. Finally, this paper puts forward some suggestions that it should continue to strengthen science culture construction in China and apply it to eliminate religious extremism.