The article is devoted to the development of educational history in the regions and the factors affecting this development, to opine the results gained in the field of education that are important matters for our present and modern pedagogical science. That is, the research problem today is of social and political importance according to its pedagogical significance. On the other hand, this aspect, above all, serves the completeness and enrichment of the history of pedagogical thought in the country and helps to identify opportunities for the use of progressive traditions today. Although the history of education and training in Nakhchivan has its own specific features, the school and pedagogical ideas formed in this area are an integral part of all-Azerbaijani pedagogy. This educational experience is mainly conditioned by the national and cultural characteristics of the indigenous population of the region - the Azerbaijani Turks. The investigation of the development trends of national schools in the region, the formation of the Azerbaijani school and pedagogical ideas, and the study of a very important part of the development stages give a complementary and enriching nature to the research process. The success of the complex and difficult path through the various stages of the multidisciplinary education system is so interesting and multifaceted that each author's view of this process sheds a bright light on new realities, opens the way to suggestions, new ideas and considerations that serve progress. It is of particular importance to study the enlightenment movement in Nakhchivan, to discover its fruitful results, to identify pedagogical conceptions, the state of schools and public education, the factors influencing its development on a progressive basis. Because Nakhchivan is the land of Azerbaijan with long history, rich material and cultural monuments and ancient educational culture. Even in the Neolithic period, local tribes lived here, engaged in various economic and art fields, as well as in primitive training and educational works.