Phytochemical Test, Determination of Total Phenol, Total Flavonoids and Antioxidant Activity of Ethanol Extract of Moringa Leaves (Moringa oleifera Lam)

Abstract

Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) is a medicinal plant that is a source of nutrients. It is rich in protein, fatty acids, minerals, relatively high polyphenol compounds, and has antioxidant activity. This study aims to obtain information about secondary metabolites, total phenol content, total flavonoids, and antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract of Moringa leaves. Total phenol was determined by the Folin–Ciocâlteu method, while total flavonoids were determined by the AlCl₃ colorimetric method. Whilst the antioxidant activity was determined by the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method at a wavelength of 517 nm. The results showed that the ethanol extract of Moringa leaves contained flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, and steroids. The total phenol content in the ethanol leaf extract was 63.16 mg GAE/g extract, and the total flavonoid content was 10.477 mg QE/g extract. Moringa leaf ethanol extract has antioxidant activity with an IC₅₀ of 118.6145 mg/L, classified as having moderate antioxidant activity.