Abstract: The sacroiliac joint moves 2.5°. It is innervated with nociceptive fibers. It is a common cause of low back pain (15%-30%). Degenerative changes occur, especially after lumbosacral fusion. When performed in series, physical examination maneuvers are diagnostic. Confirmatory image-guided injections can aid the diagnosis. In randomized clinical trials, surgical treatment in appropriately selected patients has been demonstrated to be statistically and clinically superior to nonsurgical management.