Clinical significance of ring finger protein 2 high expression in skin squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract

Although ring finger protein 2 (RNF2) serves an important role in the occurrence, development and regulation of various types of cancer, RNF2 expression in skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of RNF2 expression in SCC and adjacent tissues from patients. The protein and gene expression levels of RNF2 in SCC and adjacent tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC), western blot analysis and semi‑quantitative reverse transcription (RT) PCR. Single factor analysis was used to study the association between RNF2 expression level and the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with SCC. Multifactor Cox survival analysis was used to examine the association between RNF2 expression and the overall survival rate of postoperative patients with SCC. The results from IHC staining demonstrated that the positive expression rate of RNF2 was 84.68% (210/248) and 56.05% (139/248) in SCC and in adjacent tissues, respectively. Furthermore, results from western blot analysis demonstrated that RNF2 protein expression in SCC tissues was significantly higher compared with that in the adjacent tissues (P<0.05). The positive rate of RNF2 mRNA in SCC was 81.05% (201/248), which was significantly higher compared with that in the adjacent tissues 54.44% (135/248; P<0.05). Furthermore, RNF2 protein and gene expression levels were associated with tumor diameter, tumor stage, tumor metastasis and the degree of tumor differentiation in patients with SCC. Patients exhibiting higher RNF2 protein expression in SCC tissues had a significantly shorter disease‑specific survival rate compared with patients with low RNF2 expression. In addition, RNF2 protein expression, tumor diameter, tumors site and tumor stage were independent factors affecting the overall survival rate of postoperative patients. High protein and gene expression levels of RNF2 in SCC tissues may be associated with the occurrence and development of SCC and prognosis of patients. The results form this study may serve the development of novel therapeutic options and diagnostic strategies for patients with SCC.