The essence of life is “Development”. It must be in a continuous form to maintain a dynamic balance in the universe. The policy of Liberalization and Privatization has brought radical changes in the economy. Indian companies have evolved suitable financial strategies to play pivotal role in the liberalized economy. The automobile industry in India is now working in terms of the dynamics of an Indian open market. The profitability of a firm is useful for the distribution as dividend among its shareholders. Therefore it is necessary for a firm to keep a sound and ideal capital structure to maximize its profit and wealth. The present study is an attempt to examine the trends of profitability of two leading Indian automobile two-wheeler companies namely Hero Honda Motors Ltd( which is now known as Hero MotoCorp Ltd.) and Bajaj Auto Ltd during the period of five years i.e. from 2005-06 to 2009-10.