Abstract
Steppe Buh region is an area in the basins of the rivers Southern Buh and Inhulets, which, according to the archeological materials, during the 5th – 3rd centuries BCE supposedly was a separate administrative region of Scythia. The specific social life conditions formed there because of the proximity of Olbia, family and tribal ties, and peculiarities of housekeeping. Such conclusions could be made as a result of studying the funeral implements from the barrows of the region. Especially informative are the artifacts of various categories originating from unlooted burials. In one of them (barrow 21 near the village of Kamianka) the decorative elements of the costume of a woman, who supposedly was a priestess of the Great Goddess, were found. First of all, this is indicated by the appliqued ornaments on her headdress named ‘modiia’. Their analysis uncovered the originality of iconography and semantics of images. Of particular interest are the so-called griffins with goat heads. The decorations of the young man's costume, whose burial was studied in barrow 9 near the village of Pisky, also attract close attention. The decorative elements of his clothing, such as gold appliqued ornaments on clothes, a hryvna, and a bracelet, are typical for the representative of the top of society. A peculiar feature is a golden hryvnia, having the points in the form of stylized images of the fantastic bird’s head (griffin’s head?). The earrings found in a coffret in one of the graves (barrow 2, burial 1 near the village of Taborivka), confirm the assumption of mixed marriages: Greek women became the wives of the Scythians. In the 5th century BCE the Hellenic ornaments, decorative elements on the headdresses and clothing came into vogue among the elite of the Scythian population. It is proved, in particular, by the items of jewelry art, where Greek motifs dominate. They probably got a new interpretation in the minds of the Scythian population permeating into the material and spiritual spheres of its life. But many works of art were made mainly in the workshops of Greek jewelers, possibly in Bosporus, or in Olbia. In general, decorative art in the Buh region developed in line with the Greek and Scythian traditions.