Ratiometric detection of p-nitrophenol and its derivatives using a dual-emissive neuron cell-like carbonized probe based on a π⋯π stacking quenching mechanism
- 9 June 2021
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) in The Analyst
- Vol. 146 (14), 4566-4575
- https://doi.org/10.1039/d1an00891a
Abstract
p-Nitrophenol and its derivatives can cause serious harm to the health of mankind and the earth's ecosystem. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a novel and rapid detection technology for p-nitrophenol and its derivative. Herein, excellent water-soluble, large-size and dual-emissive neuron cell-analogous carbon-based probes (NCNPs) have been prepared via a solvothermal approach, using o-phenylenediamine as the only precursor, which exhibit two distinctive fluorescence (FL) peaks at 420 and 555 nm under 345 nm excitation. The NCNPs show a neuron cell-like branched structure, are cross-connected, and are in the range of 10–20 nm in skeleton diameter. Interestingly, their blue-green dual-colour fluorescence is quenched by p-nitrophenol or its derivative due to the specific mechanism of the π⋯π stacking interactions or internal filtration effect. Accordingly, a simple, rapid, direct and free-label ratiometric FL detection of p-nitrophenol is proposed. An excellent linear relationship shows linear regions over the range of 0.1–50 μM between the ratio of the FL intensity (FL555 nm/FL420 nm) and the concentrations of p-nitrophenol. The detection limit is as low as 43 nM (3σ). Importantly, the NCNP-based probe also shows acceptable repeatability and reproducibility for the detection of p-nitrophenol and its derivatives, and the recovery results for p-nitrophenol in real wastewater samples are favourable.Keywords
Funding Information
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (21705140, 21876144, 21675139, 21974120, 21808195)
- Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20170474, BK20191479)
- Natural Science Research of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China (19KJB150023)
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