Epidemiology of sexually transmitted infections in Ukraine

Abstract

Purpose of the study – to analyze the structure and morbidity patterns of control of sexually transmitted infections (STI) for the period from 2014 to 2019 in accordance with data collected by the Statistical Department of the MoH of Ukraine. Materials and methods. It was analyzed data on the STI incidence in entire population, namely from 15 years to 60 years and older, female and male, the prevalence of diseases depending on the place of residence (city or village) was performed. Particular attention is paid to the STI analysis in women and men of reproductive age. Data from the temporarily occupied territories of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, Donetsk, Luhansk Oblasts and the city of Sevastopol are missing. Results. The incidence of STI over 5 years (2014–2019) changed as follows: syphilis decreased by almost 1.5 times (from 8.65 to 6.01 per 100,000), but remained significantly high at reproductive age (13.25 vs. 9.56 per 100,000), men are more susceptible. Significant reduction in the incidence of gonorrhea from 14.85 to 7.97 per 100,000, by 1.8 times, but among men and women of reproductive age 2.5 and 3 times more (37.26 and 24.12 per 100,000), men are more susceptible. Cases of chlamydial infection decreased from 53.02 to 32.54 per 100,000, and were more common in the age group of 18–39 years, men are more susceptible. The incidence of trichomoniasis decreased by 1.6 times from 128.77 to 79.79 per 100,000. The incidence of trichomoniasis was the highest at reproductive age – 320.87 in 2014 and 210.78 in 2019 per 100,000, more often found in women. The incidence of urogenital mycoplasmosis also decreased over 5 years from 71.88 to 51.94 per 100,000, by 1.3 times, women are more susceptible. The urban population suffers from STI 2.5–3 times more than the rural population. Conclusion. STI is a national health problem in Ukraine. Prevention, early diagnosis and modern adequate treatment of a couple with STI are the key to reducing the incidence of male and female infertility.