Socio-Economic Impacts of Hyena Predation on Livestock around Lake Nakuru National Park and Soysambu Conservancy, Kenya
Open Access
- 1 January 2021
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Scientific Research Publishing, Inc. in Open Journal of Social Sciences
- Vol. 09 (09), 411-425
- https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2021.99029
Abstract
Human-wildlife conflicts (HWCs) may arise when expanding human populations and activities overlap or compete for space and resources with wildlife. They may also be due to growing wildlife populations that encroach on human settlements or other areas of human development. Forms of human-wildlife conflict include livestock predation, harassment, property damage, habitat loss due to human activities, and interpersonal conflict over wildlife issues resulting in injuries or mortalities. The spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta) is among animals involved in livestock predation for many reasons thus leading to conflicts with livestock owners. This study focused on the causes of human-hyena conflict and the socio-economic impacts of hyena predation on livestock. The study adopted a survey research design. Data were collected using an interview schedule and key informant meetings, targeting different segments of the community. Purposive sampling was employed in data collection. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed that poor park fencing is the major cause of human hyena conflict with a representation of 40% (125 respondents). Despite the fact that LNNP is fenced, community members still raise complaints about porosity. On the other hand, 60% of Soysambu Conservancy is not fenced, potentially giving hyenas freedom to move from the conservancy to the community. The total estimated cost that is lost to hyena predation in this region as per the responses received in the surveys is approximately $74,740 USD annually. A total of 1020 shoats were either wounded or killed. Our results suggest that one potential solution is to completely fence both protected areas and maintain the fences to reduce if not halt human-hyena conflicts and perceptions of hyenas as a conflict-prone species.Keywords
This publication has 22 references indexed in Scilit:
- Coexistence between wildlife and humans at fine spatial scalesProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2012
- Human-wildlife conflicts influence attitudes but not necessarily behaviors: Factors driving the poaching of bears in ChinaBiological Conservation, 2011
- Peri-urban spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta) in Northern Ethiopia: diet, economic impact, and abundanceEuropean Journal of Wildlife Research, 2010
- Livestock predation in the Bale Mountains, EthiopiaAfrican Journal of Ecology, 2010
- Rearticulating the myth of human–wildlife conflictConservation Letters, 2010
- Bearing the costs of human–wildlife conflict: the challenges of compensation schemesPublished by Cambridge University Press (CUP) ,2009
- Impact of land use changes on water resources and biodiversity of Lake Nakuru catchment basin, KenyaAfrican Journal of Ecology, 2009
- Livestock predation by lions, leopards, spotted hyenas, and their vulnerability to retaliatory killing in the Maasai steppe, TanzaniaAnimal Conservation, 2008
- The economic costs of wildlife predation on livestock in Gokwe communal land, ZimbabweAfrican Journal of Ecology, 2000
- Snow leopard Panthera uncia predation of livestock: An assessment of local perceptions in the Annapurna Conservation Area, NepalBiological Conservation, 1994