Association Between Change in Physical Activity During Pregnancy and Infant Birth Weight
- 4 February 2023
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Maternal and Child Health Journal
- Vol. 27 (4), 659-670
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-023-03604-9
Abstract
Objective We assessed whether total, recreational, and non-recreational physical activity (PA) assessed twice during pregnancy, and its change, were associated with infant birth weight and small for gestational age (SGA). Methods We included 1467 Pregnancy, Infection, and Nutrition 3 Study participants who self-reported PA at time 1 (T1: 17–22 weeks’ gestation) and time 2 (T2: 27–30 weeks’ gestation). We assessed last week absolute intensities of PA (moderate: 4.7–7.1 METs; and vigorous: > 7.1 METs) and perceived intensities. Change in hours/week of PA was assessed continuously or categorically (increase or decrease ≥ 1 hour, and no change). Associations of continuous PA hours/week at T1, T2, and its change, with sex-specific z-scores of birth weight, were assessed using multivariable linear robust regressions. We used logistic regressions to assess categorical PA measures with SGA. Models were adjusted for adequacy of maternal weight gain, general health, maternal age, parity, race/ethnicity, and smoking. Results Hours/week of total and recreational absolute intensities of PA at T1, T2, and its change were generally not associated with birth weight, although two measures of non-recreational PA at T2 and its change were associated with increased birth weight. Perceived intensities of PA (at T1, T2, and its change) were largely not associated with sex-specific z-scores of infant birth weight. Absolute and perceived intensity PA were not associated with SGA. Conclusions for practice In this observational cohort, increases and decreases in PA during pregnancy were not associated with differential changes in birthweight or SGA.Funding Information
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (T32-HL007055)
- Wellcome Trust (1107337/Z/15/Z)
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD37584)
- National Cancer Institute (CA109804-01)
- National Institutes of Health (RR00046)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK 061981-02)
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