Key Success Factors in Implementing Business Process Re-Engineering (BPR) in Hospitals: Integrative Review

Abstract

BPR is one of the most important ways for hospitals to make changes so that they can improve their efficiency and effectiveness. However, in practice, BPR in hospitals encountered many challenges and in the end did not achieve the expected results. Various studies have described the factors that lead to success or failure in the implementation of BPR projects so that the purpose of this study is to analyze the key factors that lead to success in implementing BPR in hospitals. This integrative review uses the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines with primary research articles in English which are accessed through the PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases for the last 10 years. The article search results obtained 311 articles and the remaining 10 articles were included in the study. The results of the study obtained nine key success factors in implementing BPR in hospitals, namely management commitment, employee empowerment, methods and tools, information technology, environment and culture, external organization, BPR projects, finance and strategy. These factors are only generally representative of various hospitals including public and private hospitals because there are many other factors that can affect the implementation of BPR depending on the type, characteristics, and heterogeneous hospital environment. It is hoped that this key factor will be a concern when the hospital wants to make changes through the BPR project and can assist the hospital in achieving results according to the organization's vision.