Objective: To explore the application effect of case management in diabetes nursing. Methods: 100 patients with type 2 diabetes who received treatment in our hospital from December 2020 to August 2021 were selected as the research object, and were divided into control group and observation group according to random number method, with 50 cases in each group. The control group received routine nursing, and the observation group received case management nursing intervention. Blood glucose related indicators, self-management ability indicators and quality of life indicators of patients in the two groups were compared before and 3 months after intervention. Results: Before intervention, there were no significant differences in FPG, 2hPBG, HbAlc and other blood glucose indexes between the two groups (P > 0.05). After 3 months of intervention, there were statistically significant differences in FPG, 2hPBG, HbAlc and other blood glucose indicators between 2 groups (P 0.05). After 3 months of intervention, there were statistically significant differences in self-management ability indicators such as healthy diet, regular exercise, foot care and blood glucose monitoring between 2 groups (P 0.05). After 3 months of intervention, there were statistically significant differences in quality of life indicators between 2 groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Using case management nursing intervention can improve patients’ blood glucose related indicators, improve patients’ self-management ability and quality of life.