Clinical Characteristics and Treatment of Early and Delayed Intra-Cranial Infection After Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt in Adults: Retrospective Analysis of Nineteen Cases
- 1 February 2023
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Mary Ann Liebert Inc in Surgical Infections
- Vol. 24 (1), 66-74
- https://doi.org/10.1089/sur.2022.269
Abstract
Objectives: Intra-cranial infection is the most serious complication after ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS). There were differences in clinical characteristics between early (occurs within one month after VPS, the early group) and delayed (occurs 1 month or more after VPS, the delayed group) infections. The aim of this study is to clarify the differences between the two groups. Patients and Methods: All cases diagnosed as intracranial infection after VPS between September 2017 and December 2021 were collected. Clinical data were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively. Results: Nineteen cases met the inclusion criteria, including 12 cases in the early group and seven cases in the delayed group. There were no significant differences between the two groups in gender, age, and etiology of hydrocephalus. Cases in the early group usually had fever with worsening consciousness (11; 91.7%), which was caused by surgical operations (10; 83.3%) with gram-positive coccis infection (9; 75.0%), whereas those in the delayed group had abdominal pain (5; 71.4%), caused by abdominal factor (7; 100%) with gram-negative bacilli infection (6; 85.7%). There were differences in symptoms (p < 0.01), causes of infection (p < 0.001), and pathogens (p < 0.05). Shunt removal was performed for all 19 cases. After the infection was controlled, eight cases received VPS again, and no re-infection occurred after a follow-up of four to 22 months. Conclusions: It is suggested in this study that there were differences between the two groups in terms of etiology, symptoms, and pathogens. The results can provide theoretical basis for prevention, early diagnosis, and reasonable treatment of infection after VPS.Keywords
This publication has 29 references indexed in Scilit:
- Fungal Infection of a Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt: Histoplasmosis Diagnosis and TreatmentWorld Neurosurgery, 2013
- Missed diagnosis of a gallstone ileus: an incomplete laparoscopy due to a putative ventriculoperitoneal shunt infectionBMJ Case Reports, 2013
- Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Surgery and the Risk of Shunt Infection in Patients with Hydrocephalus: Long-Term Single Institution ExperienceWorld Neurosurgery, 2012
- Factores de riesgo de infección de derivativa ventrículo peritoneal en pacientes pediátricos del Hospital Carlos Van BurenRevista chilena de infectología, 2012
- Combined ventriculoperitoneal shunt blockage, viscus perforation and migration into urethra, presenting with repeated urinary tract infectionThe Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England, 2011
- Morbidity of Ventricular Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunt Surgery in Adults: An 8-Year StudyNeurosurgery, 2011
- Ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection: intravenous antibiotics, shunt removal and more aggressive treatment?Anz Journal of Surgery, 2011
- Effect of an intraoperative double-gloving strategy on the incidence of cerebrospinal fluid shunt infectionJournal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics, 2006
- Defining bacterial meningitis and other infections of the central nervous systemPediatric Critical Care Medicine, 2005
- Risk Factors for Pediatric Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Infection and Predictors of Infectious PathogensClinical Infectious Diseases, 2003