SARS-CoV-2 infection induces inflammatory bone loss in golden Syrian hamsters
Preprint
- 9 October 2021
- preprint
- Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Abstract
Extrapulmonary complications of different organ systems have been increasingly recognized in patients with severe or chronic Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, limited information on the skeletal complications of COVID-19 is known, even though inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract have been known to perturb bone metabolism and cause pathological bone loss. In this study, we characterized the effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection on bone metabolism in an established golden Syrian hamster model for COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 causes significant multifocal loss of bone trabeculae in the long bones and lumbar vertebrae of all infected hamsters. The bone loss progressively worsens from the acute phase to the post-recovery phase. Mechanistically, the bone loss was associated with SARS-CoV-2-induced cytokine dysregulation which upregulates osteoclastic differentiation of monocyte-macrophage lineage. The pro-inflammatory cytokines further trigger a second wave of cytokine storm in the skeletal tissues to augment their pro-osteoclastogenesis effect. Our findings in this established hamster model suggest that pathological bone loss may be a neglected complication which warrants more extensive investigations during the long-term follow-up of COVID-19 patients. The benefits of potential prophylactic and therapeutic interventions against pathological bone loss should be further evaluated.Abstract Figure: Graphical SARS-CoV-2 infection causes pathological bone loss in golden Syrian hamsters through induction of cytokine storm and inflammation-induced osteoclastogenesis.Keywords
Other Versions
- Published version: Version Nature Communications, 13, preprints
This publication has 56 references indexed in Scilit:
- Bone mineral density and fractures in older men with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthmaOsteoporosis International, 2009
- IL-21 Is Required to Control Chronic Viral InfectionScience, 2009
- Interleukin-1 is essential for systemic inflammatory bone lossAnnals Of The Rheumatic Diseases, 2009
- Radiographic changes in rheumatoid arthritis patients attaining different disease activity states with methotrexate monotherapy and infliximab plus methotrexate: the impacts of remission and tumour necrosis factor blockadeAnnals Of The Rheumatic Diseases, 2008
- Primary hyperparathyroidism and the skeletonClinical Endocrinology, 2008
- Osteoporosis and InflammationNutrition Reviews, 2008
- Increased expression of activating factors in large osteoclasts could explain their excessive activity in osteolytic diseasesJournal of Cellular Biochemistry, 2007
- RANK Expression as a Cell Surface Marker of Human Osteoclast Precursors in Peripheral Blood, Bone Marrow, and Giant Cell Tumors of BoneJournal of Bone and Mineral Research, 2006
- RANKL-stimulated osteoclast-like cell formation in vitro is partially dependent on endogenous interleukin-1 productionBone, 2006
- TNF-α induces osteoclastogenesis by direct stimulation of macrophages exposed to permissive levels of RANK ligandJCI Insight, 2000