Sea ice conditions and navigability through the Northeast Passage in the past 40 years based on remote-sensing data
- 14 December 2020
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Taylor & Francis Ltd in International Journal of Digital Earth
- Vol. 14 (5), 555-574
- https://doi.org/10.1080/17538947.2020.1860144
Abstract
Sea ice conditions and navigability along four typical routes of the Northeast Passage (NEP) are analysed using remote-sensing data from 1979 to 2019. The influence of air temperature (T air) and surface wind on the sea ice concentration (SIC) and the navigability of routes is determined. It is found that the annually averaged SICs of the different routes have decreased over the past 41 years. The fastest rate of decrease occurred in the Kara Sea (∼−1% per year), while the slowest rates of decrease occurred in the Laptev/East Siberian Sea (∼−0.42% per year). The number of navigable days for the Kara Sea has become ∼1–2 months longer than the Laptev/East Siberian Sea route as a result. The effect of T air on SIC, quantified by ΔSIC/ΔT air in the routes through the eastern Kara Sea and Laptev/East Siberian Sea in 2010s was ∼−0.04/°C, two to three times that seen during the 1980s. Air temperature is becoming a significant driving force of melting ice in these routes. Surface winds are also a crucial factor for the navigability of the Vilkitsky Strait and Long Strait, as they drive ice drift, and affect the navigability of the Kara Strait by introducing warm air.Keywords
Funding Information
- National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFE0111400)
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- High-Tech Ship Research Project of China (350631009)
- National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talent (BX20190051)
- Liao Ning Revitalization Talents Program (XLYC1908027)
This publication has 49 references indexed in Scilit:
- Development of effective model test in pack ice conditions of square-type ice model basinOcean Engineering, 2013
- Trends in Arctic sea ice extent from CMIP5, CMIP3 and observationsGeophysical Research Letters, 2012
- The role of summer surface wind anomalies in the summer Arctic sea ice extent in 2010 and 2011Geophysical Research Letters, 2012
- Large Decadal Decline of the Arctic Multiyear Ice CoverJournal of Climate, 2012
- Interannual changes in sea-ice conditions on the Arctic Sea Route obtained by satellite microwave dataAnnals of Glaciology, 2011
- Arctic Sea Ice Retreat in 2007 Follows Thinning TrendJournal of Climate, 2009
- Evolution of Arctic sea ice concentration trends and the role of atmospheric circulation forcing, 1979–2007Geophysical Research Letters, 2008
- Accelerated decline in the Arctic sea ice coverGeophysical Research Letters, 2008
- Depletion of perennial sea ice in the East Arctic OceanGeophysical Research Letters, 2006
- NCEP–DOE AMIP-II Reanalysis (R-2)Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 2002